http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14452808/sending-and-receiving-sms-and-mms-in-android

I have figured out how to send and receive SMS messages. To send SMS messages I had to call the sendTextMessage() and sendMultipartTextMessage() methods of the SmsManager class. To receive SMS messages, I had to register a receiver in the AndroidMainfest.xml file. Then I had to override the onReceive() method of the BroadcastReceiver. I have included examples below.
MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private static String SENT = "SMS_SENT";
    private static String DELIVERED = "SMS_DELIVERED";
    private static int MAX_SMS_MESSAGE_LENGTH = 160;

    // ---sends an SMS message to another device---
    public static void sendSMS(String phoneNumber, String message) {

        PendingIntent piSent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, new Intent(SENT), 0);
        PendingIntent piDelivered = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0,new Intent(DELIVERED), 0);
        SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();

        int length = message.length();          
        if(length > MAX_SMS_MESSAGE_LENGTH) {
            ArrayList<String> messagelist = smsManager.divideMessage(message);          
            smsManager.sendMultipartTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, messagelist, null, null);
        }
        else
            smsManager.sendTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, message, piSent, piDelivered);
        }
    }

    //More methods of MainActivity ...
}

SMSReceiver.java

public class SMSReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();
    private static final String ACTION_SMS_RECEIVED = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED";
    private Context mContext;
    private Intent mIntent;

    // Retrieve SMS
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        mContext = context;
        mIntent = intent;

        String action = intent.getAction();

        if(action.equals(ACTION_SMS_RECEIVED)){

            String address, str = "";
            int contactId = -1;

            SmsMessage[] msgs = getMessagesFromIntent(mIntent);
            if (msgs != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < msgs.length; i++) {
                    address = msgs[i].getOriginatingAddress();
                    contactId = ContactsUtils.getContactId(mContext, address, "address");
                    str += msgs[i].getMessageBody().toString();
                    str += "\n";
                }
            }   

            if(contactId != -1){
                showNotification(contactId, str);
            }

            // ---send a broadcast intent to update the SMS received in the
            // activity---
            Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent();
            broadcastIntent.setAction("SMS_RECEIVED_ACTION");
            broadcastIntent.putExtra("sms", str);
            context.sendBroadcast(broadcastIntent);
        }

    }

    public static SmsMessage[] getMessagesFromIntent(Intent intent) {
        Object[] messages = (Object[]) intent.getSerializableExtra("pdus");
        byte[][] pduObjs = new byte[messages.length][];

        for (int i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) {
            pduObjs[i] = (byte[]) messages[i];
        }
        byte[][] pdus = new byte[pduObjs.length][];
        int pduCount = pdus.length;
        SmsMessage[] msgs = new SmsMessage[pduCount];
        for (int i = 0; i < pduCount; i++) {
            pdus[i] = pduObjs[i];
            msgs[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu(pdus[i]);
        }
        return msgs;
    }

    /**
    * The notification is the icon and associated expanded entry in the status
    * bar.
    */
    protected void showNotification(int contactId, String message) {
        //Display notification...
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.myexample"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="16"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <application
        android:debuggable="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher_icon"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >

        <activity
            //Main activity...
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            //Activity 2 ...
        </activity>
        //More acitivies ...

        // SMS Receiver
        <receiver android:name="com.myexample.receivers.SMSReceiver" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

    </application>
</manifest>

However, I was wondering if you could send and receive MMS messages in a similar fashion. After doing some research, many examples provided on blogs simply pass an Intent to the native Messaging application. I am trying to send an MMS without leaving my application. There doesn't seem to be a standard way of sending and receiving MMS. Has anyone gotten this to work?
Also, I am aware that the SMS/MMS ContentProvider is not a part of the official Android SDK, but I was thinking someone may have been able to implement this. Any help is greatly appreciated.

Update

I have added a BroadcastReceiver to the AndroidManifest.xml file to receive MMS messages

<receiver android:name="com.sendit.receivers.MMSReceiver" >
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.WAP_PUSH_RECEIVED" />

        <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.wap.mms-message" />
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

In the MMSReceiver class, the onReceive() method is only able to grab the phoneNumber that the message was sent from. How do you grab other important things from an MMS such as the file path to the media attachment (image/audio/video), or the text in the MMS?
MMSReceiver.java

public class MMSReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();
    private static final String ACTION_MMS_RECEIVED = "android.provider.Telephony.WAP_PUSH_RECEIVED";
    private static final String MMS_DATA_TYPE = "application/vnd.wap.mms-message";

     // Retrieve MMS
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        String action = intent.getAction();
        String type = intent.getType();

        if(action.equals(ACTION_MMS_RECEIVED) && type.equals(MMS_DATA_TYPE)){

            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();

            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "bundle " + bundle);
            SmsMessage[] msgs = null;
            String str = "";
            int contactId = -1;
            String address;

            if (bundle != null) {

                byte[] buffer = bundle.getByteArray("data");
                Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "buffer " + buffer);
                String incomingNumber = new String(buffer);
                int indx = incomingNumber.indexOf("/TYPE");
                if(indx>0 && (indx-15)>0){
                    int newIndx = indx - 15;
                    incomingNumber = incomingNumber.substring(newIndx, indx);
                    indx = incomingNumber.indexOf("+");
                    if(indx>0){
                        incomingNumber = incomingNumber.substring(indx);
                        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "Mobile Number: " + incomingNumber);
                    }
                }

                int transactionId = bundle.getInt("transactionId");
                Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "transactionId " + transactionId);

                int pduType = bundle.getInt("pduType");
                Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "pduType " + pduType);

                byte[] buffer2 = bundle.getByteArray("header");      
                String header = new String(buffer2);
                Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "header " + header);

                if(contactId != -1){
                    showNotification(contactId, str);
                }

                // ---send a broadcast intent to update the MMS received in the
                // activity---
                Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent();
                broadcastIntent.setAction("MMS_RECEIVED_ACTION");
                broadcastIntent.putExtra("mms", str);
                context.sendBroadcast(broadcastIntent);

            }
        }

    }

    /**
    * The notification is the icon and associated expanded entry in the status
    * bar.
    */
    protected void showNotification(int contactId, String message) {
        //Display notification...
    }
}

According to the Documentation of android.provider.Telephony:
Broadcast Action: A new text based SMS message has been received by the device. The intent will have the following extra values:
pdus - An Object[] od byte[]s containing the PDUs that make up the message.
The extra values can be extracted using getMessagesFromIntent(android.content.Intent). If a BroadcastReceiver encounters an error while processing this intent it should set the result code appropriately.

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
public static final String SMS_RECEIVED_ACTION = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED";

Broadcast Action: A new data based SMS message has been received by the device. The intent will have the following extra values:
pdus - An Object[] of byte[]s containing the PDUs that make up the message.
The extra values can be extracted using getMessagesFromIntent(android.content.Intent). If a BroadcastReceiver encounters an error while processing this intent it should set the result code appropriately.

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
public static final String DATA_SMS_RECEIVED_ACTION = "android.intent.action.DATA_SMS_RECEIVED";

Broadcast Action: A new WAP PUSH message has been received by the device. The intent will have the following extra values:
transactionId (Integer) - The WAP transaction ID
pduType (Integer) - The WAP PDU type
header (byte[]) - The header of the message
data (byte[]) - The data payload of the message

contentTypeParameters (HashMap<String,String>) - Any parameters associated with the content type (decoded from the WSP Content-Type header)

If a BroadcastReceiver encounters an error while processing this intent it should set the result code appropriately. The contentTypeParameters extra value is map of content parameters keyed by their names. If any unassigned well-known parameters are encountered, the key of the map will be 'unassigned/0x...', where '...' is the hex value of the unassigned parameter. If a parameter has No-Value the value in the map will be null.

@SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
public static final String WAP_PUSH_RECEIVED_ACTION = "android.provider.Telephony.WAP_PUSH_RECEIVED";

Update #2

I have figured out how to pass extras in a PendingIntent to be received by a BroadcastReceiver:Android PendingIntent extras, not received by BroadcastReceiver
However, the extra gets passed to the SendBroadcastReceiver not the SMSReceiver. How can I pass an extra to the SMSReceiver?

Update #3

Receiving MMS
So after doing more research I saw some suggestions of registering a ContentObserver. That way you can detect when there are any changes to the content://mms-sms/conversations Content Provider, consequently allowing you to detect incoming MMS. Here is the closest example to get this to work that I have found: Receiving MMS
However, there is a variable mainActivity of type ServiceController. Where is the ServiceController class implemented? Are there any other implementations of a registered ContentObserver?
Sending MMS
As for sending MMS, I have come across this example: Send MMS
The problem is that I tried running this code on my Nexus 4, which is on Android v4.2.2, and I am receiving this error:

java.lang.SecurityException: No permission to write APN settings: Neither user 10099 nor current process has android.permission.WRITE_APN_SETTINGS.

The error gets thrown after querying the Carriers ContentProvider in the getMMSApns() method of the APNHelper class.

final Cursor apnCursor = this.context.getContentResolver().query(Uri.withAppendedPath(Carriers.CONTENT_URI, "current"), null, null, null, null);

Apparently you can't Read APNs in Android 4.2
What is the alternative for all those applications which use mobile data to perform operations (like sending MMS) and don't know the default APN setting present in the device?

edited Mar 26 at 8:48

community wiki

14 revs
toobsco42

Have you taken a look at this tutorial before? maximbogatov.wordpress.com/2011/08/13/mms-in-android – HaemEternal Feb 8 at 8:32

Yes I have. I tried piecing Maxim's answer together but am not able to get it to work. There are many classes in there that import android.provider.telephony which seems to be deprecated. – toobsco42 Feb 8 at 8:40

And presumably, after reading @Sahil's answer, you've also tried this: stackoverflow.com/questions/2972845/… – HaemEternal Feb 8 at 8:44

I'm not sure how to piece that answer together, although it looks very similar to @Sahil's answer. – toobsco42 Feb 24 at 21:52

Hi @toobsco42 are you able to find the solution for all those query you mention above.. ? – kamal_tech_view Apr 26 at 12:37

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3 Answers

active oldest votes

up vote6down vote

+50

When I have the exact same problem you describe above (Galaxy Nexus on t-mobile USA) it is because mobile data is turned off.
In Jelly Bean it is: Settings > Data Usage > mobile data
Note that I have to have mobile data turned on PRIOR to sending an MMS OR receiving one. If I receive an MMS with mobile data turned off, I will get the notification of a new message and I will receive the message with a download button. But if I do not have mobile data on prior, the incoming MMS attachment will not be received. Even if I turn it on after the message was received.
For some reason when your phone provider enables you with the ability to send and receive MMS you must have the Mobile Data enabled, even if you are using Wifi, if the Mobile Data is enabled you will be able to receive and send MMS, even if Wifi is showing as your internet on your device.
It is a real pain, as if you do not have it on, the message can hang a lot, even when turning on Mobile Data, and might require a reboot of the device.
And GO Through this code :
http://downloads.ziddu.com/downloadfiles/14286605/SendMMS3.zip
Hope this helps.

edited Feb 14 at 13:30

answered Feb 14 at 13:23

Manan Merevik Sharma
1737

	Also you must know that sending a SMS and MMS are 2 entirely different things in background. MMS is more of an internet based network service as it requires sending additional items(Media) with text. The given code works fine on a few devices that i've tested on. ps : you can ignore the NOKIA part. – Manan Merevik Sharma Feb 14 at 13:28
	When i run this example, in LogCat it prints: 02-24 13:32:40.872: V/SendMMSActivity(5686): TYPE_MOBILE_MMS not connected, bail 02-24 13:32:40.882: V/SendMMSActivity(5686): type is not TYPE_MOBILE_MMS, bail It also says: java.lang.SecurityException: No permission to write APN settings: Neither user 10099 nor current process has android.permission.WRITE_APN_SETTINGS. It looks like it can't execute this query: final Cursor apnCursor = this.context.getContentResolver().query(Uri.withAppendedPath(Carriers.CONTENT_UR‌I, "current"), null, null, null, null); Im testing on a Nexus 4. – toobsco42 Feb 24 at 21:40
	Also this is the same example that @Sahil provided. – toobsco42 Feb 24 at 21:47

up vote5down vote

There is not official api support which means that it is not documented for the public and the libraries may change at any time. I realize you don't want to leave the application but here's how you do it with an intent for anyone else wondering.

public void sendData(int num){
    String fileString = "..."; //put the location of the file here
    Intent mmsIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    mmsIntent.putExtra("sms_body", "text");
    mmsIntent.putExtra("address", num);
    mmsIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.fromFile(new File(fileString)));
    msIntent.setType("image/jpeg");
    startActivity(Intent.createChooser(mmsIntent, "Send"));

}

I haven't completely figured out how to do things like track the delivery of the message but this should get it sent.
You can be alerted to the receipt of mms the same way as sms. The intent filter on the receiver should look like this.

<intent-filter>
    <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.WAP_PUSH_RECEIVED" />
    <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.wap.mms-message" />
</intent-filter>

edited Jan 23 at 19:15

answered Jan 23 at 18:17

user1959417
614

Doesn't this just launch the native Messaging app? – toobsco42 Jan 23 at 18:53

yeah sorry about that. i just realized that you already knew how to do that. i did add how to receive mms though. – user1959417 Jan 23 at 19:16

Thanks, I have recently been implementing part of the MMS BroadcastReceiver, and have used the Intent Filter that you have posted. I will update this question soon. – toobsco42 Jan 23 at 19:41

up vote2down vote

I dont think there is any sdk support for sending mms in android. Look here Atleast I havent found yet. But a guy claimed to have it. Have a look at this post.
Send MMS from My application in android

answered Jan 22 at 6:46

Sahil Mahajan Mj
3,9522532

	I looked at the comments of the androidbridge.blogspot.com post of the Nokia implementation, and it looks like many people are having issues getting this to work on their devices. – toobsco42 Jan 22 at 7:13
	@toobsco42 So, there might be no support for it yet. – Sahil Mahajan Mj Jan 22 at 7:20

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Monday, June 3, 2013

Sending and Receiving SMS and MMS in Android

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Update #2

Update #3

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